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Plane Frame

Structural Analysis · FE Reference Handbook section

Structural Analysis
1 formulas
10 exam-style examples
~47 min
All Structural Analysis lectures

Handbook notes for this section

Definitions and conditions exactly as the handbook states them.

  • Stability also requires an appropriate arrangement of members and reaction components.

Core formulas for this FE topic

Definitions, applicability, units, assumptions and worked examples for each relation.

Worked exam-style examples

The four ways this section is written on the real exam — thoughts first, then equations, then substitution.

Example 1
Fixed-end moments for a loaded member — Plane Frame

A member of a rigid frame spans 30 ft and carries 2.00 kip/ft. What are the fixed-end moments, and what is the midspan moment once they are applied?

Given

  • w=2.00kip/ftw = 2.00 kip/ft
  • L=30ftL = 30 ft
  • Both ends fixed

Find

FEM and midspan moment

Start with the thinking

  • Fixed-end moment for a uniform load is wL²/12.
  • The midspan value is wL²/24 with fixed ends.

Step-by-step solution

  1. Fixed-end moment

    FEM=wL2/12FEM = wL^{2}/12
  2. Substituting — FEM = 2.00(30)²/12 = 150.0 kip·ft at each end

  3. Midspan

    Mmid=wL2/24M_mid = wL^{2}/24
  4. Substituting — M_mid = 2.00(30)²/24 = 75.0 kip·ft

  5. Check — simple-span value wL²/8 = 225.0 kip·ft is the sum of the end and mid effects ✓

Answer:

FEM = 150.0 kip·ft; midspan = 75.0 kip·ft

Why the other options are there

  • 225.0 kip·ft (simple-span value)
  • 900.0 kip·ft (cantilever value)

Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Structural Analysis → Plane Frame

Example 2
Fixed-end moments for a loaded member — Plane Frame (2)

A member of a rigid frame spans 20 ft and carries 1.25 kip/ft. What are the fixed-end moments, and what is the midspan moment once they are applied?

Given

  • w=1.25kip/ftw = 1.25 kip/ft
  • L=20ftL = 20 ft
  • Both ends fixed

Find

FEM and midspan moment

Start with the thinking

  • Fixed-end moment for a uniform load is wL²/12.
  • The midspan value is wL²/24 with fixed ends.

Step-by-step solution

  1. Fixed-end moment

    FEM=wL2/12FEM = wL^{2}/12
  2. Substituting — FEM = 1.25(20)²/12 = 41.7 kip·ft at each end

  3. Midspan

    Mmid=wL2/24M_mid = wL^{2}/24
  4. Substituting — M_mid = 1.25(20)²/24 = 20.8 kip·ft

  5. Check — simple-span value wL²/8 = 62.5 kip·ft is the sum of the end and mid effects ✓

Answer:

FEM = 41.7 kip·ft; midspan = 20.8 kip·ft

Why the other options are there

  • 62.5 kip·ft (simple-span value)
  • 250.0 kip·ft (cantilever value)

Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Structural Analysis → Plane Frame

Example 3
Fixed-end moments for a loaded member — Plane Frame (3)

A member of a rigid frame spans 19 ft and carries 1.75 kip/ft. What are the fixed-end moments, and what is the midspan moment once they are applied?

Given

  • w=1.75kip/ftw = 1.75 kip/ft
  • L=19ftL = 19 ft
  • Both ends fixed

Find

FEM and midspan moment

Start with the thinking

  • Fixed-end moment for a uniform load is wL²/12.
  • The midspan value is wL²/24 with fixed ends.

Step-by-step solution

  1. Fixed-end moment

    FEM=wL2/12FEM = wL^{2}/12
  2. Substituting — FEM = 1.75(19)²/12 = 52.6 kip·ft at each end

  3. Midspan

    Mmid=wL2/24M_mid = wL^{2}/24
  4. Substituting — M_mid = 1.75(19)²/24 = 26.3 kip·ft

  5. Check — simple-span value wL²/8 = 79.0 kip·ft is the sum of the end and mid effects ✓

Answer:

FEM = 52.6 kip·ft; midspan = 26.3 kip·ft

Why the other options are there

  • 79.0 kip·ft (simple-span value)
  • 315.9 kip·ft (cantilever value)

Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Structural Analysis → Plane Frame

Example 4
Fixed-end moments for a loaded member — Plane Frame (4)

A member of a rigid frame spans 16 ft and carries 1.50 kip/ft. What are the fixed-end moments, and what is the midspan moment once they are applied?

Given

  • w=1.50kip/ftw = 1.50 kip/ft
  • L=16ftL = 16 ft
  • Both ends fixed

Find

FEM and midspan moment

Start with the thinking

  • Fixed-end moment for a uniform load is wL²/12.
  • The midspan value is wL²/24 with fixed ends.

Step-by-step solution

  1. Fixed-end moment

    FEM=wL2/12FEM = wL^{2}/12
  2. Substituting — FEM = 1.50(16)²/12 = 32.0 kip·ft at each end

  3. Midspan

    Mmid=wL2/24M_mid = wL^{2}/24
  4. Substituting — M_mid = 1.50(16)²/24 = 16.0 kip·ft

  5. Check — simple-span value wL²/8 = 48.0 kip·ft is the sum of the end and mid effects ✓

Answer:

FEM = 32.0 kip·ft; midspan = 16.0 kip·ft

Why the other options are there

  • 48.0 kip·ft (simple-span value)
  • 192.0 kip·ft (cantilever value)

Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Structural Analysis → Plane Frame

Example 5
Fixed-end moments for a loaded member — Plane Frame (5)

A member of a rigid frame spans 26 ft and carries 1.50 kip/ft. What are the fixed-end moments, and what is the midspan moment once they are applied?

Given

  • w=1.50kip/ftw = 1.50 kip/ft
  • L=26ftL = 26 ft
  • Both ends fixed

Find

FEM and midspan moment

Start with the thinking

  • Fixed-end moment for a uniform load is wL²/12.
  • The midspan value is wL²/24 with fixed ends.

Step-by-step solution

  1. Fixed-end moment

    FEM=wL2/12FEM = wL^{2}/12
  2. Substituting — FEM = 1.50(26)²/12 = 84.5 kip·ft at each end

  3. Midspan

    Mmid=wL2/24M_mid = wL^{2}/24
  4. Substituting — M_mid = 1.50(26)²/24 = 42.3 kip·ft

  5. Check — simple-span value wL²/8 = 126.8 kip·ft is the sum of the end and mid effects ✓

Answer:

FEM = 84.5 kip·ft; midspan = 42.3 kip·ft

Why the other options are there

  • 126.8 kip·ft (simple-span value)
  • 507.0 kip·ft (cantilever value)

Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Structural Analysis → Plane Frame

Example 6
Fixed-end moments for a loaded member — Plane Frame (6)

A member of a rigid frame spans 26 ft and carries 1.75 kip/ft. What are the fixed-end moments, and what is the midspan moment once they are applied?

Given

  • w=1.75kip/ftw = 1.75 kip/ft
  • L=26ftL = 26 ft
  • Both ends fixed

Find

FEM and midspan moment

Start with the thinking

  • Fixed-end moment for a uniform load is wL²/12.
  • The midspan value is wL²/24 with fixed ends.

Step-by-step solution

  1. Fixed-end moment

    FEM=wL2/12FEM = wL^{2}/12
  2. Substituting — FEM = 1.75(26)²/12 = 98.6 kip·ft at each end

  3. Midspan

    Mmid=wL2/24M_mid = wL^{2}/24
  4. Substituting — M_mid = 1.75(26)²/24 = 49.3 kip·ft

  5. Check — simple-span value wL²/8 = 147.9 kip·ft is the sum of the end and mid effects ✓

Answer:

FEM = 98.6 kip·ft; midspan = 49.3 kip·ft

Why the other options are there

  • 147.9 kip·ft (simple-span value)
  • 591.5 kip·ft (cantilever value)

Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Structural Analysis → Plane Frame

Example 7
Fixed-end moments for a loaded member — Plane Frame (7)

A member of a rigid frame spans 17 ft and carries 3.50 kip/ft. What are the fixed-end moments, and what is the midspan moment once they are applied?

Given

  • w=3.50kip/ftw = 3.50 kip/ft
  • L=17ftL = 17 ft
  • Both ends fixed

Find

FEM and midspan moment

Start with the thinking

  • Fixed-end moment for a uniform load is wL²/12.
  • The midspan value is wL²/24 with fixed ends.

Step-by-step solution

  1. Fixed-end moment

    FEM=wL2/12FEM = wL^{2}/12
  2. Substituting — FEM = 3.50(17)²/12 = 84.3 kip·ft at each end

  3. Midspan

    Mmid=wL2/24M_mid = wL^{2}/24
  4. Substituting — M_mid = 3.50(17)²/24 = 42.1 kip·ft

  5. Check — simple-span value wL²/8 = 126.4 kip·ft is the sum of the end and mid effects ✓

Answer:

FEM = 84.3 kip·ft; midspan = 42.1 kip·ft

Why the other options are there

  • 126.4 kip·ft (simple-span value)
  • 505.8 kip·ft (cantilever value)

Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Structural Analysis → Plane Frame

Example 8
Fixed-end moments for a loaded member — Plane Frame (8)

A member of a rigid frame spans 21 ft and carries 1.25 kip/ft. What are the fixed-end moments, and what is the midspan moment once they are applied?

Given

  • w=1.25kip/ftw = 1.25 kip/ft
  • L=21ftL = 21 ft
  • Both ends fixed

Find

FEM and midspan moment

Start with the thinking

  • Fixed-end moment for a uniform load is wL²/12.
  • The midspan value is wL²/24 with fixed ends.

Step-by-step solution

  1. Fixed-end moment

    FEM=wL2/12FEM = wL^{2}/12
  2. Substituting — FEM = 1.25(21)²/12 = 45.9 kip·ft at each end

  3. Midspan

    Mmid=wL2/24M_mid = wL^{2}/24
  4. Substituting — M_mid = 1.25(21)²/24 = 23.0 kip·ft

  5. Check — simple-span value wL²/8 = 68.9 kip·ft is the sum of the end and mid effects ✓

Answer:

FEM = 45.9 kip·ft; midspan = 23.0 kip·ft

Why the other options are there

  • 68.9 kip·ft (simple-span value)
  • 275.6 kip·ft (cantilever value)

Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Structural Analysis → Plane Frame

Example 9
Fixed-end moments for a loaded member — Plane Frame (9)

A member of a rigid frame spans 22 ft and carries 4.00 kip/ft. What are the fixed-end moments, and what is the midspan moment once they are applied?

Given

  • w=4.00kip/ftw = 4.00 kip/ft
  • L=22ftL = 22 ft
  • Both ends fixed

Find

FEM and midspan moment

Start with the thinking

  • Fixed-end moment for a uniform load is wL²/12.
  • The midspan value is wL²/24 with fixed ends.

Step-by-step solution

  1. Fixed-end moment

    FEM=wL2/12FEM = wL^{2}/12
  2. Substituting — FEM = 4.00(22)²/12 = 161.3 kip·ft at each end

  3. Midspan

    Mmid=wL2/24M_mid = wL^{2}/24
  4. Substituting — M_mid = 4.00(22)²/24 = 80.7 kip·ft

  5. Check — simple-span value wL²/8 = 242.0 kip·ft is the sum of the end and mid effects ✓

Answer:

FEM = 161.3 kip·ft; midspan = 80.7 kip·ft

Why the other options are there

  • 242.0 kip·ft (simple-span value)
  • 968.0 kip·ft (cantilever value)

Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Structural Analysis → Plane Frame

Example 10
Fixed-end moments for a loaded member — Plane Frame (10)

A member of a rigid frame spans 23 ft and carries 3.75 kip/ft. What are the fixed-end moments, and what is the midspan moment once they are applied?

Given

  • w=3.75kip/ftw = 3.75 kip/ft
  • L=23ftL = 23 ft
  • Both ends fixed

Find

FEM and midspan moment

Start with the thinking

  • Fixed-end moment for a uniform load is wL²/12.
  • The midspan value is wL²/24 with fixed ends.

Step-by-step solution

  1. Fixed-end moment

    FEM=wL2/12FEM = wL^{2}/12
  2. Substituting — FEM = 3.75(23)²/12 = 165.3 kip·ft at each end

  3. Midspan

    Mmid=wL2/24M_mid = wL^{2}/24
  4. Substituting — M_mid = 3.75(23)²/24 = 82.7 kip·ft

  5. Check — simple-span value wL²/8 = 248.0 kip·ft is the sum of the end and mid effects ✓

Answer:

FEM = 165.3 kip·ft; midspan = 82.7 kip·ft

Why the other options are there

  • 248.0 kip·ft (simple-span value)
  • 991.9 kip·ft (cantilever value)

Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Structural Analysis → Plane Frame

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