Moment of Inertia
Statics · FE Reference Handbook section
Handbook notes for this section
Definitions and conditions exactly as the handbook states them.
- The moment of inertia, or the second moment of area, is defined as
- The polar moment of inertia J of an area about a point is equal to the sum of the moments of inertia of the area about any two
- perpendicular axes in the area and passing through the same point.
Core formulas for this FE topic
Definitions, applicability, units, assumptions and worked examples for each relation.
Worked exam-style examples
The four ways this section is written on the real exam — thoughts first, then equations, then substitution.
A statics problem uses Moment of a force. Given force (F) = 544.0 lb; moment arm (d) = 18.7000 ft, determine the moment (M) in lb·ft.
Given
Find
moment (M), in lb·ft
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Moment of a force.
- Everything except M is given, so isolate M symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Statics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that M stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning M = 10,173 lb·ft to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 20,346 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 5,086 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 11,190 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Statics → Moment of Inertia
a cantilevered sign arm Given force (F) = 3,589 N; perpendicular distance (d) = 1.1000 m, determine the moment (M) in N\cdot m.
Given
Find
moment (M), in N\cdot m
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Moment of a force about a point.
- Everything except M is given, so isolate M symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- A force acting at a perpendicular distance d produces a moment.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange symbolically for M:
Step 3
Step 4 — Substitute the given values:
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning M = 3,948 N\cdot m to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 7,895 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 1,974 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 4,342 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Handbook — Statics (Moments)
A rectangular concrete section's moment of inertia is used in a stiffness calculation. Given width (b) = 5.1000 in; height (h) = 22.7000 in, determine the moment of inertia (I) in in^4.
Given
Find
moment of inertia (I), in in^4
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Rectangular moment of inertia.
- Everything except I is given, so isolate I symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- The moment of inertia of a rectangular cross section about its centroidal axis governs bending stiffness.
Figure 3 — schematic for Rectangular moment of inertia — solve for moment of inertia — Moment of Inertia (3)
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange symbolically for I:
Step 3
Step 4 — Substitute the given values:
Step 5 — Evaluate:
I = 4971\ \text{in^4}Step 6 — Check: returning I = 4,971 in^4 to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 9,943 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 2,486 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 5,468 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Handbook — Statics: Moment of Inertia
A statics problem uses Moment of a force. Given moment arm (d) = 14.5000 ft; moment (M) = 4,488 lb·ft, determine the force (F) in lb.
Given
moment (M) = 4,488 lb·ft
Find
force (F), in lb
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Moment of a force.
- Everything except F is given, so isolate F symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Statics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that F stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3 — List the givens: moment arm (d) = 14.5000 ft, moment (M) = 4,488 lb·ft.
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning F = 309.5 lb to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 619.0 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 154.8 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 340.5 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Statics → Moment of Inertia
a wrench applied to an anchor nut Given moment (M) = 1,770 N\cdot m; perpendicular distance (d) = 4.0000 m, determine the force (F) in N.
Given
Find
force (F), in N
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Moment of a force about a point.
- Everything except F is given, so isolate F symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- A force acting at a perpendicular distance d produces a moment.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange symbolically for F:
Step 3
Step 4 — Substitute the given values:
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning F = 442.4 N to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 884.8 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 221.2 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 486.6 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Handbook — Statics (Moments)
A rectangular wood beam's moment of inertia is needed for a deflection check. Given height (h) = 23.2000 in; moment of inertia (I) = 4,695 in^4, determine the width (b) in in.
Given
Find
width (b), in in
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Rectangular moment of inertia.
- Everything except b is given, so isolate b symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- The moment of inertia of a rectangular cross section about its centroidal axis governs bending stiffness.
Figure 6 — schematic for Rectangular moment of inertia — solve for width — Moment of Inertia (6)
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange symbolically for b:
Step 3
Step 4 — Substitute the given values:
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning b = 4.5118 in to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 9.0237 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 2.2559 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 4.9630 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Handbook — Statics: Moment of Inertia
A statics problem uses Moment of a force. Given force (F) = 1,027 lb; moment (M) = 13,314 lb·ft, determine the moment arm (d) in ft.
Given
moment (M) = 13,314 lb·ft
Find
moment arm (d), in ft
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Moment of a force.
- Everything except d is given, so isolate d symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Statics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that d stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3 — List the givens: force (F) = 1,027 lb, moment (M) = 13,314 lb·ft.
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning d = 12.9640 ft to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 25.9279 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 6.4820 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 14.2604 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Statics → Moment of Inertia
a bracket bolted to a column flange Given moment (M) = 894.5 N\cdot m; force (F) = 3,274 N, determine the perpendicular distance (d) in m.
Given
Find
perpendicular distance (d), in m
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Moment of a force about a point.
- Everything except d is given, so isolate d symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- A force acting at a perpendicular distance d produces a moment.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange symbolically for d:
Step 3
Step 4 — Substitute the given values:
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning d = 0.2732 m to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 0.5464 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 0.1366 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 0.3005 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Handbook — Statics (Moments)
A steel plate's moment of inertia about its centroidal axis is computed for buckling. Given width (b) = 8.4000 in; moment of inertia (I) = 9,676 in^4, determine the height (h) in in.
Given
Find
height (h), in in
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Rectangular moment of inertia.
- Everything except h is given, so isolate h symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- The moment of inertia of a rectangular cross section about its centroidal axis governs bending stiffness.
Figure 9 — schematic for Rectangular moment of inertia — solve for height — Moment of Inertia (9)
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange symbolically for h:
Step 3
Step 4 — Substitute the given values:
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning h = 23.9993 in to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 47.9987 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 11.9997 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 26.3993 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Handbook — Statics: Moment of Inertia
A statics problem uses Moment of a force. Given force (F) = 76.0000 lb; moment arm (d) = 13.4000 ft, determine the moment (M) in lb·ft.
Given
Find
moment (M), in lb·ft
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Moment of a force.
- Everything except M is given, so isolate M symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Statics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that M stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning M = 1,018 lb·ft to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 2,037 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 509.2 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 1,120 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Statics → Moment of Inertia