Friction
Statics · FE Reference Handbook section
Handbook notes for this section
Definitions and conditions exactly as the handbook states them.
- The largest frictional force is called the limiting friction.
- Any further increase in applied forces will cause motion.
Core formulas for this FE topic
Definitions, applicability, units, assumptions and worked examples for each relation.
Worked exam-style examples
The four ways this section is written on the real exam — thoughts first, then equations, then substitution.
A statics problem uses Coulomb friction. Given friction coefficient (mu) = 0.7000; normal force (N) = 606.0 lb, determine the friction force (F) in lb.
Given
Find
friction force (F), in lb
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Coulomb friction.
- Everything except F is given, so isolate F symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Statics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that F stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning F = 424.2 lb to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 848.4 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 212.1 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 466.6 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Statics → Friction
A statics problem uses Coulomb friction. Given normal force (N) = 457.0 lb; friction force (F) = 1,494 lb, determine the friction coefficient (mu).
Given
Find
friction coefficient (mu)
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Coulomb friction.
- Everything except mu is given, so isolate mu symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Statics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that mu stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning mu = 3.2691 to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 6.5383 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 1.6346 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 3.5961 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Statics → Friction
A statics problem uses Coulomb friction. Given friction coefficient (mu) = 0.3100; friction force (F) = 983.0 lb, determine the normal force (N) in lb.
Given
Find
normal force (N), in lb
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Coulomb friction.
- Everything except N is given, so isolate N symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Statics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that N stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning N = 3,171 lb to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 6,342 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 1,585 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 3,488 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Statics → Friction
A statics problem uses Coulomb friction. Given friction coefficient (mu) = 0.6000; normal force (N) = 1,687 lb, determine the friction force (F) in lb.
Given
Find
friction force (F), in lb
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Coulomb friction.
- Everything except F is given, so isolate F symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Statics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that F stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning F = 1,012 lb to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 2,024 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 506.1 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 1,113 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Statics → Friction
A statics problem uses Coulomb friction. Given normal force (N) = 411.0 lb; friction force (F) = 1,309 lb, determine the friction coefficient (mu).
Given
Find
friction coefficient (mu)
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Coulomb friction.
- Everything except mu is given, so isolate mu symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Statics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that mu stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning mu = 3.1849 to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 6.3698 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 1.5925 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 3.5034 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Statics → Friction
A statics problem uses Coulomb friction. Given friction coefficient (mu) = 0.6700; friction force (F) = 736.0 lb, determine the normal force (N) in lb.
Given
Find
normal force (N), in lb
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Coulomb friction.
- Everything except N is given, so isolate N symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Statics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that N stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning N = 1,099 lb to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 2,197 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 549.3 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 1,208 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Statics → Friction
A statics problem uses Coulomb friction. Given friction coefficient (mu) = 0.4100; normal force (N) = 1,932 lb, determine the friction force (F) in lb.
Given
Find
friction force (F), in lb
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Coulomb friction.
- Everything except F is given, so isolate F symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Statics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that F stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning F = 792.1 lb to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 1,584 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 396.1 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 871.3 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Statics → Friction
A statics problem uses Coulomb friction. Given normal force (N) = 489.0 lb; friction force (F) = 767.0 lb, determine the friction coefficient (mu).
Given
Find
friction coefficient (mu)
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Coulomb friction.
- Everything except mu is given, so isolate mu symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Statics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that mu stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning mu = 1.5685 to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 3.1370 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 0.7843 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 1.7254 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Statics → Friction
A statics problem uses Coulomb friction. Given friction coefficient (mu) = 0.1600; friction force (F) = 692.0 lb, determine the normal force (N) in lb.
Given
Find
normal force (N), in lb
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Coulomb friction.
- Everything except N is given, so isolate N symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Statics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that N stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning N = 4,325 lb to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 8,650 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 2,163 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 4,758 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Statics → Friction
A statics problem uses Coulomb friction. Given friction coefficient (mu) = 0.7800; normal force (N) = 403.0 lb, determine the friction force (F) in lb.
Given
Find
friction force (F), in lb
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Coulomb friction.
- Everything except F is given, so isolate F symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Statics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that F stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning F = 314.3 lb to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 628.7 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 157.2 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 345.8 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Statics → Friction