Translating Axes x-y
Dynamics · FE Reference Handbook section
Handbook notes for this section
Definitions and conditions exactly as the handbook states them.
- The equations that relate the absolute and relative position, velocity, and acceleration vectors of two particles A and B, in plane
- motion, and separated at a constant distance, may be written as
Core formulas for this FE topic
Definitions, applicability, units, assumptions and worked examples for each relation.
Worked exam-style examples
The four ways this section is written on the real exam — thoughts first, then equations, then substitution.
A dynamics problem uses Constant-acceleration kinematics. Given initial velocity (v0) = 68.0000 ft/s; acceleration (a) = 21.0000 ft/s²; distance (s) = 462.0 ft, determine the final velocity (v) in ft/s.
Given
Find
final velocity (v), in ft/s
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Constant-acceleration kinematics.
- Everything except v is given, so isolate v symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Dynamics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that v stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3 — List the givens: initial velocity (v0) = 68.0000 ft/s, acceleration (a) = 21.0000 ft/s², distance (s) = 462.0 ft.
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning v = 155.0 ft/s to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 310.0 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 77.5048 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 170.5 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Dynamics → Translating Axes x-y
A dynamics problem uses Constant-acceleration kinematics. Given initial velocity (v0) = 88.0000 ft/s; distance (s) = 386.0 ft; final velocity (v) = 80.4000 ft/s, determine the acceleration (a) in ft/s².
Given
Find
acceleration (a), in ft/s²
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Constant-acceleration kinematics.
- Everything except a is given, so isolate a symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Dynamics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that a stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3 — List the givens: initial velocity (v0) = 88.0000 ft/s, distance (s) = 386.0 ft, final velocity (v) = 80.4000 ft/s.
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning a = -1.6578 ft/s² to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- -3.3156 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- -0.8289 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- -1.8236 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Dynamics → Translating Axes x-y
A dynamics problem uses Constant-acceleration kinematics. Given initial velocity (v0) = 87.0000 ft/s; acceleration (a) = -10.5000 ft/s²; final velocity (v) = 24.1000 ft/s, determine the distance (s) in ft.
Given
Find
distance (s), in ft
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Constant-acceleration kinematics.
- Everything except s is given, so isolate s symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Dynamics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that s stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3 — List the givens: initial velocity (v0) = 87.0000 ft/s, acceleration (a) = -10.5000 ft/s², final velocity (v) = 24.1000 ft/s.
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning s = 332.8 ft to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 665.5 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 166.4 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 366.0 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Dynamics → Translating Axes x-y
A dynamics problem uses Constant-acceleration kinematics. Given initial velocity (v0) = 40.0000 ft/s; acceleration (a) = 15.5000 ft/s²; distance (s) = 157.0 ft, determine the final velocity (v) in ft/s.
Given
Find
final velocity (v), in ft/s
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Constant-acceleration kinematics.
- Everything except v is given, so isolate v symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Dynamics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that v stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3 — List the givens: initial velocity (v0) = 40.0000 ft/s, acceleration (a) = 15.5000 ft/s², distance (s) = 157.0 ft.
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning v = 80.4177 ft/s to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 160.8 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 40.2088 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 88.4594 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Dynamics → Translating Axes x-y
A dynamics problem uses Constant-acceleration kinematics. Given initial velocity (v0) = 14.0000 ft/s; distance (s) = 14.0000 ft; final velocity (v) = 52.0000 ft/s, determine the acceleration (a) in ft/s².
Given
Find
acceleration (a), in ft/s²
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Constant-acceleration kinematics.
- Everything except a is given, so isolate a symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Dynamics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that a stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3 — List the givens: initial velocity (v0) = 14.0000 ft/s, distance (s) = 14.0000 ft, final velocity (v) = 52.0000 ft/s.
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning a = 89.5714 ft/s² to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 179.1 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 44.7857 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 98.5286 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Dynamics → Translating Axes x-y
A dynamics problem uses Constant-acceleration kinematics. Given initial velocity (v0) = 39.0000 ft/s; acceleration (a) = 23.0000 ft/s²; final velocity (v) = 99.7000 ft/s, determine the distance (s) in ft.
Given
Find
distance (s), in ft
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Constant-acceleration kinematics.
- Everything except s is given, so isolate s symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Dynamics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that s stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3 — List the givens: initial velocity (v0) = 39.0000 ft/s, acceleration (a) = 23.0000 ft/s², final velocity (v) = 99.7000 ft/s.
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning s = 183.0 ft to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 366.0 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 91.5118 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 201.3 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Dynamics → Translating Axes x-y
A dynamics problem uses Constant-acceleration kinematics. Given initial velocity (v0) = 34.0000 ft/s; acceleration (a) = 22.0000 ft/s²; distance (s) = 141.0 ft, determine the final velocity (v) in ft/s.
Given
Find
final velocity (v), in ft/s
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Constant-acceleration kinematics.
- Everything except v is given, so isolate v symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Dynamics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that v stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3 — List the givens: initial velocity (v0) = 34.0000 ft/s, acceleration (a) = 22.0000 ft/s², distance (s) = 141.0 ft.
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning v = 85.7904 ft/s to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 171.6 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 42.8952 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 94.3695 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Dynamics → Translating Axes x-y
A dynamics problem uses Constant-acceleration kinematics. Given initial velocity (v0) = 58.0000 ft/s; distance (s) = 474.0 ft; final velocity (v) = 53.4000 ft/s, determine the acceleration (a) in ft/s².
Given
Find
acceleration (a), in ft/s²
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Constant-acceleration kinematics.
- Everything except a is given, so isolate a symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Dynamics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that a stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3 — List the givens: initial velocity (v0) = 58.0000 ft/s, distance (s) = 474.0 ft, final velocity (v) = 53.4000 ft/s.
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning a = -0.5405 ft/s² to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- -1.0811 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- -0.2703 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- -0.5946 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Dynamics → Translating Axes x-y
A dynamics problem uses Constant-acceleration kinematics. Given initial velocity (v0) = 66.0000 ft/s; acceleration (a) = -25.5000 ft/s²; final velocity (v) = 42.1000 ft/s, determine the distance (s) in ft.
Given
Find
distance (s), in ft
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Constant-acceleration kinematics.
- Everything except s is given, so isolate s symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Dynamics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that s stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3 — List the givens: initial velocity (v0) = 66.0000 ft/s, acceleration (a) = -25.5000 ft/s², final velocity (v) = 42.1000 ft/s.
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning s = 50.6586 ft to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 101.3 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 25.3293 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 55.7245 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Dynamics → Translating Axes x-y
A dynamics problem uses Constant-acceleration kinematics. Given initial velocity (v0) = 75.0000 ft/s; acceleration (a) = -20.5000 ft/s²; distance (s) = 32.0000 ft, determine the final velocity (v) in ft/s.
Given
Find
final velocity (v), in ft/s
Start with the thinking
- The governing relation printed in this handbook section is Constant-acceleration kinematics.
- Everything except v is given, so isolate v symbolically first — never rearrange after the numbers are in.
- Tabulate each given with its unit and confirm the units are consistent with the relation before substituting.
- Dynamics items reward recognising the unknown before touching a calculator.
Step-by-step solution
Step 1 — State the governing relation:
Step 2 — Rearrange the relation so that v stands alone on the left-hand side.
Step 3 — List the givens: initial velocity (v0) = 75.0000 ft/s, acceleration (a) = -20.5000 ft/s², distance (s) = 32.0000 ft.
Step 4 — Substitute the given values into the rearranged relation.
Step 5 — Evaluate:
Step 6 — Check: returning v = 65.6734 ft/s to
reproduces the given quantities, and both sides carry the same units.
Why the other options are there
- 131.3 — kept a factor of two that cancels in the correct rearrangement.
- 32.8367 — dropped that same factor in the other direction.
- 72.2408 — rounded an intermediate value before the final step.
Reference: FE Reference Handbook — Dynamics → Translating Axes x-y